Phylum Porifera: The Sponges
Hydrostatic skeleton worked by longitudinal and circular muscles, aided by chitinous bristles called setae (or chaetae ).
Phylum Cnidaria: The Stingers
Cnidocytes containing specialized stinging organelles called nematocysts . These fire under tactile or chemical stimulation via a hair-like trigger ( cnidocil ) to inject paralyzing toxins into prey. Physiological Subsystems:
If you'd like to customize this outline for your study needs, please let me know: Which you invertebrate zoology lecture notes ppt new
– The keys to success: exoskeletons, jointed limbs, and tagmosis.
: Horseshoe crabs and arachnids lacking antennae. Phylum Porifera: The Sponges Hydrostatic skeleton worked by
Highlighting the ongoing debate over whether Porifera or Ctenophora is the sister group to all other animals.
Exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and jointed appendages. invertebrate zoology lecture notes ppt new
Module 1: Architectural Patterns and Evolutionary Foundations